Square Pyramid

Topic

3D Geometry

Definition

A square pyramid is a three-dimensional geometric figure with a square base and four triangular faces that converge at a single point called the apex.

Description

A square pyramid is a fundamental shape in the study of three-dimensional geometry. It is characterized by its square base and four triangular faces, making it a pentahedron. This geometric figure is significant in various fields, including architecture, mathematics, and chemistry. In architecture, square pyramids have been used historically in the construction of monumental structures such as the Great Pyramid of Giza. These structures showcase the stability and aesthetic appeal of the square pyramid's shape. Mathematically, the properties of a square pyramid are essential for understanding polyhedra and their characteristics. A square pyramid has five vertices, eight edges, and five faces. The apex is the vertex where all the triangular faces meet. The height of the pyramid is the perpendicular distance from the apex to the center of the base, while the slant height is the height of one of the triangular faces. The volume of a square pyramid can be calculated using the formula: 

𝑉 = 1/3 × Base Area × Height 

The surface area is the sum of the base area and the areas of the four triangular faces. In chemistry, the square pyramidal molecular geometry describes the shape of certain molecules, such as those with a central atom bonded to five other atoms or groups, with one position occupied by a lone pair. Overall, the square pyramid is a versatile and widely studied shape in three-dimensional geometry, with applications that span multiple disciplines.

For a complete collection of terms related to 3D geometry click on this link: 3D Collection.