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Illustrative Math-Media4Math Alignment

 

 

Illustrative Math Alignment: Grade 6 Unit 7

Rational Numbers

Lesson 5: Using Negative Numbers to Make Sense of Contexts

Use the following Media4Math resources with this Illustrative Math lesson.

Thumbnail Image Title Body Curriculum Nodes
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Partial Fraction Decomposition of a Rational Expression Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Partial Fraction Decomposition of a Rational Expression Partial Fraction Decomposition of a Rational Expression

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Partial fraction decomposition is a method used to express a rational expression as a sum of simpler fractions.

Description

Partial Fraction Decomposition is a powerful tool in the study of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. It involves breaking down a complex rational expression into a sum of simpler fractions, which are easier to integrate or differentiate. For example, the rational function 

$$\frac{2x+3}{(x+1)(x-2)}$$

can be decomposed into 

Rational Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Equations Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Equations Radical Equations

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Radical equations are equations in which the variable is inside a radical, such as a square root or cube root.

Description

Radical Equations are a fundamental aspect of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These equations involve variables within radical signs, such as square roots or cube roots. Solving radical equations typically requires isolating the radical on one side of the equation and then squaring both sides to eliminate the radical. For example, to solve 

$$\sqrt{x+3} = 5$$

one would square both sides to obtain 

$$x + 3 = 25$$

Radical Functions and Equations
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Expression Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Expression Radical Expression

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

A radical expression is an expression that contains a radical symbol, which indicates the root of a number.

Description

Radical Expressions are a core component of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These expressions involve roots, such as square roots, cube roots, or higher-order roots, and are denoted by the radical symbol (√). For example, the expression 

$$\sqrt{16}$$ 

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Function Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Function Radical Function

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

A radical function is a function that contains a radical expression with the independent variable in the radicand.

Description

Radical Functions are a vital part of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These functions involve radicals, such as square roots or cube roots, with the independent variable inside the radical. For example, the function

$$f(x) = \sqrt{x}$$

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Symbol Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radical Symbol Radical Symbol

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

The radical symbol (√) is used to denote the root of a number, such as a square root or cube root.

Description

The Radical Symbol is a fundamental notation in the study of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. This symbol (√) indicates the root of a number, with the most common being the square root. For example, the expression 

$$\sqrt{25}$$

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radicand Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Radicand Radicand

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

The radicand is the number or expression inside the radical symbol that is being rooted.

Description

The Radicand is a key component in the study of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. It is the number or expression inside the radical symbol that is being rooted. For example, in the expression 

$$\sqrt{49}$$

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Equation Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Equations Rational Equations

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rational equations are equations that involve rational expressions, which are fractions containing polynomials in the numerator and denominator.

Description

Rational Equations are a fundamental aspect of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These equations involve rational expressions, which are fractions containing polynomials in the numerator and denominator. Solving rational equations typically requires finding a common denominator, clearing the fractions, and then solving the resulting polynomial equation. For example, to solve 

$$\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x+1} = \frac{1}{2}$$

Rational Functions and Equations
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Exponent Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Exponent Rational Exponent

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

A rational exponent is an exponent that is a fraction, where the numerator indicates the power and the denominator indicates the root.

Description

Rational Exponents are a crucial concept in the study of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These exponents are fractions, where the numerator indicates the power and the denominator indicates the root. For example, the expression 

$$a^{m/n}$$

can be rewritten as 

$$\sqrt[n]{a^m}$$

Rational Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Expressions Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Expressions Rational Expressions

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rational expressions are fractions in which the numerator and/or the denominator are polynomials.

Description

Rational Expressions are a fundamental aspect of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These expressions are fractions where the numerator and/or the denominator are polynomials. Simplifying rational expressions often involves factoring the polynomials and canceling common factors. For example, the rational expression 

$$\frac{x^2 - 1}{x - 1}$$

can be simplified to x + 1, provided that 

$$x \neq 1$$

Rational Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Functions Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Functions Rational Functions

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rational functions are functions that are the ratio of two polynomials.

Description

Rational Functions are a key concept in the study of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. These functions are the ratio of two polynomials, such as 

$$f(x) = \frac{P(x)}{Q(x)}$$

where P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials. Understanding rational functions involves analyzing their behavior, including identifying asymptotes, intercepts, and discontinuities. For example, the function 

$$f(x) = \frac{1}{x}$$

Rational Functions and Equations
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Numbers Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rational Numbers Rational Numbers

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a ratio of two integers, where the denominator is not zero.

Rational Functions and Equations
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rationalizing a Radical Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rationalizing a Radical Rationalizing a Radical

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rationalizing a radical is the process of eliminating radicals from the denominator of a fraction by multiplying both the numerator and denominator by an appropriate factor.

Description

Rationalizing a Radical is an important technique in the study of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. This process involves eliminating radicals from the denominator of a fraction, which simplifies the expression and often makes it easier to work with or compare to other expressions. For example, to rationalize the denominator of 

$$\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$$

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rationalizing the Denominator Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Rationalizing the Denominator Rationalizing the Denominator

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Rationalizing the denominator is the process of eliminating radicals or complex numbers from the denominator of a fraction by multiplying both the numerator and denominator by an appropriate factor.

Description

Rationalizing the Denominator is a crucial technique in the study of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. This process involves removing radicals or complex numbers from the denominator of a fraction, which simplifies the expression and often makes it easier to evaluate or compare with other expressions. For example, to rationalize the denominator of 

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Simplifying a Radical Expression Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Simplifying a Radical Expression Simplifying a Radical Expression

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Simplifying a radical expression involves reducing the expression to its simplest form by factoring the radicand and removing any perfect square factors (for square roots) or perfect cube factors (for cube roots).

Description

Simplifying a Radical Expression is a fundamental skill in the study of Radical Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. This process involves reducing a radical expression to its simplest form, which often makes it easier to work with and understand. For example, simplifying 

$$\sqrt{18}$$

results in 

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Simplifying a Rational Expression Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Simplifying a Rational Expression Simplifying a Rational Expression

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

Simplifying a rational expression involves reducing the fraction to its lowest terms by factoring both the numerator and denominator and canceling common factors.

Description

Simplifying a Rational Expression is a crucial skill in the study of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. This process involves reducing a rational expression to its simplest form by factoring both the numerator and denominator and canceling common factors. For example, simplifying 

$$\frac{x^2 - 1}{x - 1}$$

results in x + 1 for 

Rational Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Square Root Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Square Root Square Root

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

The square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number. It is denoted by the radical symbol √.

Radical Expressions
Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Vertical Asymptote Definition--Rationals and Radicals--Vertical Asymptote Vertical Asymptote

Topic

Rationals and Radicals

Definition

A vertical asymptote is a vertical line that the graph of a function approaches but never reaches as the input values get closer to a certain point.

Description

Vertical Asymptotes are a crucial concept in the study of Rational Numbers, Expressions, Equations, and Functions. They occur in rational functions when the denominator equals zero for certain input values, causing the function to approach infinity or negative infinity. For example, the function 

$$f(x) = \frac{1}{x-2}$$

Rational Functions and Equations
Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 1 Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 1 Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 1

Topic

Geometric Models

Applications of Surface Area and Volume and Rational Functions and Equations
Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 2 Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 2 Google Earth Voyager Story: The Geometry of Sustainable Architecture, Part 2

Topic

Geometric Models

Surface Area, Volume and Rational Functions and Equations
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Tutorial: Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Tutorial: Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Tutorial: Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers

In this Slide Show, learn how to add and subtract rational numbers. Includes links to several Media4Math videos and a math game.

This is part of a collection of tutorials on a variety of math topics. To see the complete collection of these resources, click on this link. Note: The download is a PPT file.

Library of Instructional Resources

To see the complete library of Instructional Resources , click on this link.

Rational Expressions and Rational Functions and Equations
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Desmos Tutorial: Matching Coordinates to Rational Functions INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Desmos Tutorial: Matching Coordinates to Rational Functions INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Desmos Tutorial: Matching Coordinates to Rational Functions

In this Slide Show, use the Desmos graphing calculator to explore rational functions. To see the complete collection of Desmos Resources click on this link.

Note: The download is a PPT file. This is part of a collection of Desmos tutorials on a variety of math topics. To see the complete collection of these resources, click on this link.

Library of Instructional Resources

To see the complete library of Instructional Resources , click on this link.

Rational Functions and Equations
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Graphs of Rational Functions INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples 23 INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Graphs of Rational Functions

The complete set of 28 examples that make up this set of tutorials.

This is part of a collection of math examples for a variety of math topics. To see the complete collection of these resources, click on this link. Note: The download is a PPT file.

Library of Instructional Resources

To see the complete library of Instructional Resources , click on this link.

Rational Functions and Equations
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Rational Expressions INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples 44 INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Rational Expressions

The complete set of 28 examples that make up this set of tutorials.

This is part of a collection of math examples for a variety of math topics. To see the complete collection of these resources, click on this link. Note: The download is a PPT file.

Library of Instructional Resources

To see the complete library of Instructional Resources , click on this link.

Rational Expressions and Rational Functions and Equations
INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Rational Functions in Tabular and Graph Form INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples 45 INSTRUCTIONAL RESOURCE: Math Examples--Rational Functions in Tabular and Graph Form

This set of tutorials provides 28 examples of rational functions in tabular and graph form.

This is part of a collection of math examples for a variety of math topics. To see the complete collection of these resources, click on this link. Note: The download is a PPT file.

Library of Instructional Resources

To see the complete library of Instructional Resources , click on this link.

Rational Expressions and Rational Functions and Equations
Math Clip Art--Function Concepts--Graphs of Functions and Relations--Rational Function Graph Math Clip Art--Function Concepts--Graphs of Functions and Relations--Rational Function Graph Math Clip Art--Function Concepts--Graphs of Functions and Relations--Rational Function Graph

Topic

Functions

Description

This clip art depicts a rational function graph. Rational functions are quotients of polynomials and can have a wide variety of shapes depending on the degrees of the numerator and denominator. They generally pass the vertical line test and are thus functions, though they may have discontinuities.

Rational Functions and Equations
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 1 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 01 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 01

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 2 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 02 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 02

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 3 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 03 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 03

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 4 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 04 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 04

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 5 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 05 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 05

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 6 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 06 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 06

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 7 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 07 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 07

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 8 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 08 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 08

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 9 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 09 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 09

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 10 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 10 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 10

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers, Image 11 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 11 Math Clip Art--Number Systems--Rational Numbers 11

This is part of a collection of math clip art images about different number systems. Included are integers, rational numbers, and real numbers.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 1 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 1 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 1

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 1 with the expression 32. The solution explains how to simplify by multiplying 3 by itself according to the exponent. Example 1: Simplify 32. Multiply 3 by itself two times: 3•3 = 9.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 10 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 10 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 10

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 10 with the expression (-3)3•54. The solution uses order of operations to evaluate each term before multiplying. Example 10: Simplify (-3)3•54. Evaluate each exponential term separately, then multiply: -27•625= -16,875.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 11 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 11 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 11

Topic

Exponents

Description

Example 11 shows how to simplify (1/2)2. The image illustrates multiplying 1/2 by itself due to the exponent of 2. Example 11: Simplify (1/2)2. Multiply one-half two times. Solution: (1/2) * (1/2) = 1/4.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 12 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 12 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 12

Topic

Exponents

Description

Example 12 shows how to simplify (1/3)4. The image illustrates multiplying 1/3 four times due to the exponent of 4. Example 12: Simplify (1/3)4. Multiply one-third four times. Solution: (1/3) * (1/3) * (1/3) * (1/3) = 1/81.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 13 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 13 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 13

Topic

Exponents

Description

Example 13 shows how to simplify (-1/3)3. The image illustrates multiplying -1/3 three times due to the exponent of 3. Example 13: Simplify (-1/3)3. Multiply negative one-third three times. Solution: (-1/3) * (-1/3) * (-1/3) = -1/27.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 14 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 14 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 14

Topic

Exponents

Description

Example 14 shows how to simplify 2-1. The image illustrates rewriting 2-1 as the reciprocal of 2 raised to the first power. Example 14: Simplify 2-1. Negative exponents are written as reciprocals. Solution: 2-1 = 1/2.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 15 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 15 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 15

Topic

Exponents

Description

Example 15 shows how to simplify 2-2. The image illustrates rewriting 2-2 as the reciprocal of 2 raised to the second power. Example 15: Simplify 2-2. Negative exponents are written as reciprocals. Solution: 2-2 = 1/(22) = 1/4.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 2 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 2 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 2

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 2 with the expression 43. The solution explains the simplification by multiplying 4 three times. Example 2: Simplify 43. Multiply 4 by itself three times: 4•4•4 = 64.

In general, the topic of exponents involves understanding how repeated multiplication can be expressed more compactly. The examples provided in this collection allow students to see the step-by-step breakdown of how to simplify various exponential expressions, which can include positive and negative bases, fractional bases, and negative exponents.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 3 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 3 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 3

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 3 with the expression 54. The solution details multiplying 5 four times. Example 3: Simplify 54. Multiply 5 by itself four times: 5•5•5•5 = 625.

In general, the topic of exponents involves understanding how repeated multiplication can be expressed more compactly. The examples provided in this collection allow students to see the step-by-step breakdown of how to simplify various exponential expressions, which can include positive and negative bases, fractional bases, and negative exponents.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 4 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 4 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 4

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 4 with the expression 106. The solution simplifies by multiplying 10 six times. Example 4: Simplify 106. Multiply 10 by itself six times: 10•10•10•10•10•10 = 1,000,000.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 5 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 5 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 5

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 5 with the expression (-1)2. The solution explains the result by multiplying -1 by itself. Example 5: Simplify (-1)2. Multiply -1 by itself two times: (-1)•(-1) = 1.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 6 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 6 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 6

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 6 with the expression (-5)3. The solution demonstrates multiplying -5 three times. Example 6: Simplify (_5)3. Multiply -5 by itself three times: (-5)•(-5)•(-5) = -125.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 7 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 7 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 7

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 7 with the expression (-6)4. The solution explains multiplying -6 by itself four times. Example 7: Simplify (-6)4. Multiply -6 by itself four times: (-6)•(-6)•(-6)•(-6) = 1296.

Numerical Expressions
Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 8 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 8 Math Example--Exponential Concepts--Integer and Rational Exponents--Example 8

Topic

Exponents

Description

Shows Example 8 with the expression 23•32. The solution demonstrates using order of operations to simplify each term separately, then multiply. Example 8: Simplify 23•32. Evaluate each exponential term separately, then multiply: 8•9 = 72.

Numerical Expressions